Shexiang Baoxin Pill Regulates Intimal Hyperplasia, Migration, and Apoptosis after Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB-Stimulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via miR-451 / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the regulatory roles of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SXBXW) in neointimal formation and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) invasion and apoptosis as well as the potential molecular mechanisms using cultured VSMCs model of vascular injury (platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated) in vitro.@*METHODS@#VSMCs were randomly assigned to 5 groups: blank, PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL+ 0.1% DMSO), SXBXW-L (PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL + SXBXW low dose 0.625 g/L), SXBXW-M (PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL + SXBXW medium dose 1.25 g/L) and SXBXW-H (PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL+ SXBXW high dose 2.5 g/L) group. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, the migration effects were detected by Transwell assay, cell apoptosis rate was measured by the Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis kit. The markers of contractile phenotype of VSMCs were detected with immunofluorescent staining. To validate the effects of miR-451 in regulating proliferation, migration and apoptosis treated with SXBXW, miR-451 overexpression experiments were performed, the VSMCs were exposed to PDGF-BB 20 ng/mL + 0.1% DMSO and later divided into 4 groups: mimic-NC (multiplicity of infection, MOI=50), SXBXW (1.25 g/L) + mimic-NC, mimic-miR451 (MOI=50), and SXBXW (1.25 g/L) + mimic-miR451, and alterations of proteins related to the miR-451 pathway were analyzed using Western blot.@*RESULTS@#PDGF-BB induced VSMCs injury causes acceleration of proliferation and migration. SXBXW inhibited phenotypic switching, proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs. In addition, miR-451 was shown to be down-regulated in the VSMCs following PDGF-BB stimulation. SXBXW treatment enhanced the expression of miR-451 in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs (P<0.05). Compared with SXBXW + mimic-NC and mimic-miR451 groups, the expression of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta (Ywhaz) and p53 was further reduced in SXBXW + mimic-miR451 group, while activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) was increased in VSMCs (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SXBXW regulated proliferation, migration and apoptosis via activation of miR-451 through ATF2, p53 and Ywhaz in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs.

Discussion on Connotation of "Essence Generating Marrow " Based on Intervention of Guilu Erxian Gum in Perivascular Space of Alzheimer's Disease Patients / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effect mechanism of Guilu Erxian gum on Alzheimer's disease （AD） from the perspective of regulating perivascular space （PVS），and to explore the scientific connotation of "essence generating marrow". Method:The 80 patients with AD diagnosed by western medicine and kidney deficiency and marrow empty syndrome diagnosed by traditional Chinese medicine were randomly divided into two groups，with 40 cases in each group. Both groups of patients were orally administered with cholinesterase inhibitor Alison，one tablet （5 mg） each time before sleep at night. On this basis，the control group additionally received placebo，while the treatment group was additionally treated with Guilu Erxian gum for 60 days. The Mini-Mental State Examination scale （MMSE）， Wechsler Memory Scale and Activity of Daily Living Scale （ADL） were used before treatment （0 d），as well as 31 d and 61 d after treatment. The number and diameter of PVS in midbrain，basal ganglia，deep insular white matter and semiovale center were counted and their diameters were measured with use of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） for head. In addition，the curative effect was evaluated according to MMSE scores on 61 d. Result:There was no significant difference between the two groups 31 d. On 61 d，MMSE and WMS scores increased，while ADL scores decreased as compared with the conditions on 0 d（<italic>P</italic><0.01），and there were significant differences in the three indexes and clinical effective rate between two groups （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01） . In addition，there was no significant difference in the number of PVS as compared with the number before treatment and in the comparison between the two groups after treatment，but there was a significant difference in the diameter of PVS（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Guilu Erxian gum is effective in the treatment of AD，and it can improve the PVS diameter in patients，which may be related to the mechanism of "essence generating marrow ".

Bufotenine and its derivatives: synthesis, analgesic effects identification and computational target prediction / 中国天然药物

Natural product bufotenine (5) which could be isolated from Venenum Bufonis, has been widely used as a tool in central nervous system (CNS) studies. We present here its quaternary ammonium salt (6) which was synthesized with high yields using 5-benzyloxyindole as raw materials, and we firstly discover its analgesic effects in vivo. The analgesic evaluation showed that compounds 5 and 6 had stronger effects on the behavior of formalin induced pain in mice. Moreover, the combination of compound 6 and morphine has a synergistic effect. We intended to explain the molecular mechanism of this effect. Therefore, 36 analgesic-related targets (including 15 G protein-coupled receptors, 6 enzymes, 13 ion channels, and 2 others) were systemically evaluated using reverse docking. The results indicate that bufotenine and its derivatives are closely related to acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) or α

Effects and mechanism of high ARNO expression on the permeability of human renal glomerular endothelial cells under high glucose condition / 解放军医学杂志

Objective: To explore the effects and mechanism of high expression of ARNO (ARF nucleotide-binding-site opener) on the permeability of human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) under high glucose conditions. Methods: HRGECs were cultured in vitro, and ARNO expression and endothelial permeability were detected in high glucose time gradient (15, 30, 45 and 60 min) and concentration gradient (10, 20, 30 and 40 mmol/L) experiments, respectively. Cell lines of HRGECs with ARNO and Arf6 gene silencing were obtained by infecting HRGECs with ARNO siRNA and Arf6 siRNA recombinant lentivirus vectors, respectively. The effects of ARNO and Arf6 gene silencing on endothelial permeability were observed. Results: In the time gradient experiments, compared with control group, ARNO expressions increased significantly in the groups with high glucose for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min (0.670±0.051, 0.960±0.106, 0.716±0.026, 0.531±0.030 vs. 0.242±0.029. P<0.05). Compared with high glucose 15 min group, ARNO expression increased in high glucose 30 min group (P<0.05); Compared with high glucose 30 min group, ARNO expression decreased in high glucose 45 min group (P<0.05); Compared with high glucose 45 min group, ARNO expression decreased in high glucose 60 min group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, endothelial permeability increased significantly in the groups with high glucose for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min (1.196±0.004, 1.399±0.012, 1.301±0.052, 1.184±0.030 vs. 1.000, P<0.05). Compared with high glucose 15 min group, endothelial permeability increased in high glucose 30 min group (P<0.05); Compared with high glucose 30 min group, endothelial permeability decreased in high glucose 45 min group (P<0.05); Compared with high glucose 45 min group, endothelial permeability decreased in high glucose 60 min group (P<0.05). In the concentration gradient experiments, compared with normal concentration glucose group, ARNO expressions increased significantly in the groups with high glucose of 20, 30 and 40 mmol/L (0.632±0.031, 0.927±0.041, 1.183±0.098 vs. 0.169±0.033, P<0.05), and the ARNO expression level was increased along with the increase of glucose concentration (P<0.05). Compared with normal concentration glucose group, endothelial permeability increased significantly in the groups with high glucose of 10, 20, 30 and 40 mmol/L (1.147±0.015, 1.237±0.023, 1.351±0.015, 1.444±0.019 vs. 1.000, P<0.05), and the endothelial permeability increased along with the increase of glucose concentration (P<0.05). After transfection with lentivirus, compared with normal concentration glucose untransfected group and normal concentration glucose empty vector group, ARNO mRNA transcription reduced significantly (0.255±0.056 vs. 1.000, 1.183±0.297), and ARNO protein expression also reduced significantly (0.088±0.005 vs. 0.246±0.011, 0.237±0.009) in normal concentration glucose ARNO siRNA group (P<0.05). In addition, compared with those groups, Arf6 mRNA transcription was reduced significantly (0.314±0.090 vs. 1.000, 1.140±0.236), and Arf6 protein expression was also reduced significantly (0.690±0.012 vs. 0.917±0.009, 0.919±0.009) in the normal concentration glucose Arf6 siRNA group (P<0.05). After silencing ARNO, compared with high-glucose untransfected group and high-glucose empty vector group, the ARNO protein expression was reduced significantly (0.572±0.021 vs. 0.915±0.005, 0.916±0.012), Arf6 activity was reduced significantly (0.263±0.007 vs. 0.484±0.014, 0.490±0.008), and endothelial permeability was also decreased (0.718±0.017 vs. 1.000, 0.978±0.040) in high-glucose ARNO siRNA group (P<0.05). Besides, after silencing Arf6, compared with high-glucose untransfected group and high-glucose empty vector group, Arf6 protein expression was reduced significantly (0.673±0.015 vs. 0.932±0.020, 0.899±0.022), and endothelial permeability was also decreased (0.768±0.050 vs. 1.000, 0.978±0.040) in high-glucose Arf6 siRNA group (P<0.05). Conclusion: High-glucose induced high permeability of HRGECs is related to the activation of ARNO/Arf6 signal, and inhibition of ARNO expression and Arf6 activity may inhibit the glomerular endothelial hyperpermeability in diabetic nephropathy, and is expected to be a new direction for the treatment of glomerular endothelial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy.

Expression of CD63 in Lung Tissue of Guinea Pigs Dying of Anaphylactic Shock / 法医学杂志

Objective To study the protein expression of cluster of differentiation 63 （CD63） in lung tissues of guinea pigs that died of anaphylactic shock and discuss the diagnostic value of CD63 for death from anaphylactic shock. Methods Twenty guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group, anaphylactic shock immediate death group, cold storage group （4 ℃ for 48 h） and frozen group （-20 ℃ for 7 d）. The animal model of guinea pigs that died of anaphylactic shock was established with human mixed serum injection. The expression changes of CD63 protein and CD63 mRNA in lung tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and real-time RT-PCR. Results HE staining results showed congestion, and edema of lung tissues, and eosinophil infiltration in the anaphylactic shock groups. Western blotting analysis results showed that the expression of CD63 protein in the lung tissues of guinea pigs that died of anaphylactic shock was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Comparison between the anaphylactic shock groups was made, and the differences had no statistical significance. The results of immunohistochemical staining and real-time RT-PCR were consistent with that of Western blotting. ELISA results showed that CD63 protein expression in the immediate death group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The expression of CD63 protein and CD63 mRNA in the lung tissues of guinea pigs that died of anaphylactic shock is significantly enhanced. Animal carcasses which were put in cold storage for 48 h and frozen for 7 d do not affect the examination of the above indicators. CD63 protein is expected to become an auxiliary diagnostic indicator of death from anaphylactic shock.

A new naphthaldehyde derivative from Comastoma pulmonarium and its anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity / 中国中药杂志

A new naphthaldehyde derivative has been isolated from Comastoma pulmonarium by using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-gel resin and RP-HPLC. This compounds was determined as 5-methoxy-2-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde(1) by NMR, MS, IR and UV spectra. This compound was also evaluated for its anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The result showed that it showed high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rate of 32.8%. The inhibition rate is close to that of positive control (ningnanmycin).

Antiviral effect of a Qingwen Jiedu formula on the influenza A virus FM1 strain in mice / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the antiviral effect of a Qingwen Jiedu formula(QJF)on the influenza A virus FM1 strain using the virus-infected mouse model.Method BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the normal control group(to adminis-ter the same volume of saline),model control group(to administer the same volume of saline),positive drug control group[to admin-ister the 10 mg/(kg·d)of oseltamivir phosphate],and the 5,10 and 20 g/(kg·d)QJF-test groups,respectively.The mice in the nor-mal control group were intranasally instilled with PBS 20 μl,while the others were infected with the equal volume of diluted influenza virus solutions via the same intranasal way.After two hours of the virus infection,the drugs or saline solutions were orally administered to the mice once a day for successive six days.The mortality,average of survival time and protection rate on the animal death were de-termined to evaluate the protective effect of QJF on the virus-infected mice.Furthermore,the lung index,lung tissue viral load and se-rum levels of the inflammatory factors,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,were also detected as the related indicators for the effect of QJF. Re-sults Compared with the model control group,the mortality of the mice was significantly decreased together with the significant im-provement of the average survival time and protection rate in the 5,10 and 20 g/(kg·d)QJF groups(P<0.01).Further in the10 and 20 g/(kg·d)QJF groups,the lung index and lung tissue viral load decreased significantly both at the third day and sixth day of the vi-rus infection(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were also significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the serum IFN-γ levels increased significantly in the 10 and 20 g/(kg·d)QJF groups(P<0.01)than in the model control group,especially with a more significant increase in the 10 g/(kg·d)QJF group.Conclusion QJF showed an antiviral effect on the influenza A virus FM1 strain in the in vivo test in mice,which was thus expected likely to be developed as a new anti-influenza drug in future.

Application of 8-channel NV Array-A coil in neonatal head examination / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To evaluate the optimal selection of 8-channel NV Array-related coil(NV Array-A)in neonatal head MRI exam-ination.Methods A total of 84 newborn infants were divided into two groups with 42 cases in each group, and they were examined by 8-channel NV Head-A coil and NV Array-A coil respectively.The same scan parameters were used to obtain transversal T 1-weighted, T2-weighted,T2 Flair,diffusion-weighted imaging and sagittal T1 weighted imaging and other images.Compared and analyzed the image quality of the two groups,including image signal to noise ratio,uniform image signal and coil artifacts.Results In the 8-channel NV Head-A coil group,the image signal to noise ratio was 83.3%,the rate of uniform image signal was 33.3%,and the rate of clear image without coil artifacts was 81.0%.The corresponding data in the 8-channel NV Array-A coil group were 97.6%,4.8%,and 100%respectively.Examina-tion with NV Array-A coil could improve the image signal to noise ratio and reduce the rate of uniform image signal and coil artifacts.And there were statistically significant difference in the rate of uniform image signal and coil artifacts between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclu-sion The effect of NV Array-A coil scanning image in neonatal brain MRI is superior to that of NV Head-A coil,and the uniform image sig-nal and coil artifacts can be obviously reduced.NV Array-A coil is more suitable for neonatal brain MRI examination.

Analysis of Late Positive Component of Event-related Potentials by Face Expression Images in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Mood Disorders / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the application of event-related potentials (ERP) by positive, negative, and neutral face expression images in the evaluation of mood disorders in brain traumatic patients.Methods ERP was tested by face expression images in 24 patients mainly with anxiety and depression symptoms (depression group) and 19 patients mainly with hostile and suspicion symptoms (hostile group), respectively.The findings were compared with those of the control group.Results There were no significant differences, between the depression group and the hostile group, on latencies and amplitudes of late positive potential (LPP) induced by the three types of face expression images, except the amplitude induced by negative face expression image.Compared with the control group, the latencies were extended and the amplitudes were lower in both depression and hostile groups.Within each group, the difference of latencies induced by the three images was not significant.The amplitudes induced by negative face expression image was higher than those induced by positive and neutral face expression images, with significant differences in the hostile group and the control group (P＜0.05) but not in the depression group.Conclusion Changes in latencies and amplitudes of LPP could be an objective indicator in the evaluation of mood disorders of brain traumatic patients.The LPP induced by negative face expression images could be more meaningful for patients mainly with anxiety and depression symptoms.

Application of quality control circle to improve the correct rate of hand hygiene of laboratory staff / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To explore the application efficacy of quality control circle(QCC) in hand hygiene(HH)management of laboratory staff.Methods Laboratory staff in a hospital in Neijiang from January to December 2016 wvere selected as the studied objects,QCC group of HH management of laboratory staff was established,causes of correct rate of HH in laboratory staff were analyzed,corresponding countermeasures were formulated and implemented;data before and after performing QCC activity were compared and analyzed,efficacy of activities was assessed.Results After implementing QCC activity,correct rate of HH in laboratory staff increased from 29.73％ to 91.04％,difference was significant(P＜0.001).At the same time,circle members' ability in QCC skill,responsibility,sense of honor,self confidence,cohesiveness were all promoted with varying degrees.Conclusion The implementation of QCC activities can not only improve the correct rate of HH of laboratory staff,but also enhance team confidence and cohesiveness,it is worthy of further clinical application.

Study on secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Fusarium chlamydosporum from Dioscorea opposite / 中草药

Objective: This study focused on the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Fusarium chlamydosporum in Dioscorea opposite. Methods: Compounds were isolated from the MeOH extract by chromatography technology and their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Results: Eight compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as: ergosterol-5α, 8α-peroside (1), ergosta-4, 22-dien-3-one (2), di-n-butyl phthalate (3), di-isobutyl phthalate (4), 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (5), amber acid (6), pentanedioic acid (7), and Nb-acetyltrytamine (8). Conclusion: All these compounds are isolated from F. chlamydosporum for the first time.

Effect of reactive oxygen species induced by paraquat on neutrophil apoptosis / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of paraquat (PQ) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil apoptosis and its possible signal transduction pathways.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cultured neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of PQ for 6-24 h. The apoptosis rate of neutrophils and ROS content were determined by flow cytometry. The exoressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Caspase 3 were detected by Western blot. These parameters were checked again after NF-κB and Caspase 3 antagonist were applied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PQ could boost ROS generation and depress neutrophil apoptosis significantly. At the same time PQ could enhance the expression of NF-κB and inhibit the expression of Caspase 3. These effects could be reversed by ROS inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PQ is a potent inducer of ROS and can inhibit neutrophil apoptosis by activating NF-κB and surpressing Caspase 3 activity.</p>

Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure Patients with Qi-Yang Deficiency and Blood Stasis Resistance Syndrome by Xnmallong Injection: a Multi-center Randomized Control Study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xinmailong Injection (XI) in treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with qi-yang deficiency and blood stasis resistance syndrome (QY-DBSRS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 238 CHF patients with QYDBSRS were assigned to the treatment group (118 cases) and the control group (120 cases) by randomized, double-blind, placebo parallel controlled method. Patients in the treatment group received routine therapy and XI (100 mg/2 mL, by dripping at 5 mg/kg, twice per day for 5 consecutive days), while those in the control group received routine therapy and XI mimetic agent (100 mg/2 mL, by dripping at 5 mg/kg, twice per day for 5 consecutive days). The heart function classification of New York Heart Association (NYHA), 6-min walking distance, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), scores for Chinese medical symptoms were observed before and after treatment, and safety assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 235 patients actually entered full analysis set (FAS), including 120 cases in the control group and 115 cases in the treatment group. The total effective rate of heart function, 6-min walking distance and increased post-pre-treatment distance in the experimental group were superior to those of the control group with statistical difference (all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, increased value of post-pre-treatment LVEF, the total effective rate of Chinese medical syndrome efficacy, scores for Chinese medical symptoms and decreased post-pre-treatment value of Chinese medical syndrome scores were obviously improved (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>XI could improve the heart function of CHF patients, improve Chinese medical symptoms, elevate exercise tolerance, and improve LVEF. It had no obvious toxic and side effects.</p>

Metabolomics Study on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Different Chinese Medical Syndromes / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between Chinese medical syndrome types and metabolomics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 120 NSCLC patients were assigned to asthenia syndrome group and sthenia syndrome group, 60 in each group. Meanwhile, 60 cases of benign pulmonary nodules in physical examinations were recruited as the control group. Tumor tissues or benign pulmonary nodules tissues were obtained by thoracoscope. Changes of their metabolites were observed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Their differences were studied using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). ROC curve analysis was performed in different metabolic compounds of sthenia and asthenia syndromes groups. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the sensitivity of diagnosing syndrome types.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, difference existed in 16 compounds. Of them , contents of citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, linoleic acid, oleic acid, lactic acid, inositol were more in the two tumors group than in the control group. Difference existed in 10 compounds between the sthenia syndrome group and the asthenia syndrome group. Of them, citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, lactic acid, and inositol were more in the asthenia syndrome group than in the sthenia syndrome group. Contents of valine, glucose, and glutamine were more in the sthenia syndrome group than in the asthenia syndrome group. ROC curve analyses of different compounds indicated that AUC of lactic acid and glucose was more than 0.8 (P < 0.01); AUC of inositol, choline phosphate, and glycerol phosphate choline was more than 0.7 (P < 0.01); AUC of valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, and pyruvic acid was more than 0.6 (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There existed certain correlation between CM syndrome types and metabolomics of lung cancer. Lactic acid, glucose, inositol, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, pyruvic acid were sensitive diagnostic compounds, and the first four kinds were most sensitive compounds.</p>

Potential herb-drug interaction in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases during integrated traditional and Western medicine treatment / 中国结合医学杂志

The combination of herbs and drugs is one of the most important approaches in the prevention and treatment of diseases in the integrated traditional and Western medicine (ITWM). While most medical practices have proved that the combination of herbs and drugs led to a clinical efficacy that was often superior to merely using only one of them; results from some studies have triggered adverse reactions to such an approach. Since few herb-drug interaction studies were carried out during treatments combining herbs and drugs, it really restricts the development of treatment and treatment theory of the combination of herbs and drugs. Given that herb-drug interactions may occur through the main pathway of cytochrome P450 enzymes and transporters; then to exhaustively study the role and impact of herbs in drug metabolism, as well as to establish a corresponding database, is of great significance for guiding the rational combination of herbs and drugs. When the herb-drug interaction information platform is implemented, we would get at ease a reasonable herb-drug prescription to achieve a better outcome, reduce dosage of some expensive drugs preserving the same efficacy, or even reduce some side effects of particular drugs; which might also promote the dynamic combination of Chinese and Western medicine, and accelerate the theory development of ITWM.

Twisting acupuncture and sham acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3) in patients with essential hyper- tension: an fMRI study / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>With functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), cerebral function imaging of acupuncture and sham acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) was observed to analyze central mechanism of Taichong (LR 3) to treat EH.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen EH patients were divided into a twisting acupuncture group (10 cases) and a sham acupuncture group (8 cases), which were treated with twisting manipulation and sham acu- puncture at right Taichong (LR 3), respectively. The treatments were both given with 30-second manipulation and 30- second interval for totally 5 min. During the acupuncture, fMRI was adopted to scan the cerebral function imaging of EH patients on resting state, and the acquired data were analyzed with SPM2 module in Matlab software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Acupunc- ture at Taichong (LR 3) in EH patients mainly increased opposite-side oxygen consumption, which generally activated left anterior cingulated gyrus (BA 32), left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), left inferior temporal gyrus (BA 19), left middle temporal gyrus (BA 37) and right anterior central gyrus (BA 6). The activated areas were related to motor, vision and cognition of emotion. Stimulation region of sham acupuncture mainly included right anterior cingulated gyrus (BA 24), left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40) and left inferior frontal gyrus (BA 7).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The central mechanism of Tai- chong (LR 3) on antihypertensive effect and symptom improvement is not in thalamus and medulla that are traditionally believed to control blood pressure. Taichong (LR 3) could activate anterior cingulated gyrus to regulate parasympathetic nerve and lower blood pressure, and through anterior cingulated gyrus, the connection with the surrounding areas is strengthened to improve the cognitive impairment caused by long-term hypertension.</p>

Effects of heat shock protein 70-2 gene polymorphisms on the transcription of HSP 70-2 mRNA and the translation of HSP 70 protein in lung cancer / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the effects of gene polymorphism of heat shock protein 70-2 (HSP 70-2) 1267A/G on the mRNA level HSP 70-2 mRNA and the protein level HSP 70 in human lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty six lung cancer patients diagnosed histopathologically between February and August 2008 from a hospital in zhengzhou were enrolled as the subjects in this study. Gene polymorphism of HSP 70-2 1276A/G in 46 patients with lung cancer was detected by PCR-RFLP. The mRNA levels of HSP 70-2 mRNA and the protein levels of HSP 70 in lung tissue and para-cancerous tissues of these subjects were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression levels of HSP 70-2 mRNA (1.02 ± 0.30) and HSP 70 protein (0.44 ± 0.12) in the lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (0.19 ± 0.04, 0.12 ± 0.02). The relative levels of HSP 70-2 mRNA in the subjects with AA genotype (1.32 ± 0.22) were significantly higher than the patients with AG genotype or GG genotype (0.95 ± 0.17, 0.70 ± 0.16) at the site of 1267 (A/G) (P < 0.01); however, the relative protein levels of HSP 70 were 0.47 ± 0.13 (AA genotype), 0.42 ± 0.11 (AG genotype), 0.45 ± 0.11 (GG genotype), respectively, which showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphism of HSP 70-2 1267 (A/G) is highly associated with the transcription level of HSP 70-2 mRNA, but not with the expression level of HSP 70 protein.</p>

Effects of suxiao jiuxin pill on patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the intervention effects of Suxiao Jiuxin Pill (SJP) on patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty ACS patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (treated by SJP and Western medicine) and the control group (treated by Western medicine alone), 30 in each group. Coronary arteriography and early PCI were performed in all patients. The effects of SJP on the blood flow rate, the collateral artery patency, and perioperative myocardial infarction incidence were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The coronary blood flow rate was better in the treatment group than in the control group either pre- or post-PCI. [pre-PCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) level III: 16/30 vs 11/30, P < 0.01; post-PCI TIMI level III: 14/14 vs 13/19, P < 0.05)]. In patients with ITMI level 0 - I , more patients in the treatment group had collateral artery protective function than those in the control group (5/6 vs 3/13, P < 0.05). The incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction was obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group (8/30 vs 15/30, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SJP could improve the pre- and post-PCI coronary artery flow rate, increase the collateral artery patency, and reduce the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction of ACS patients.</p>

Absence of gender disparity in short-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing sirolimus-eluting stent based primary coronary intervention: a report from Shanghai Acute Coronary Event (SACE) Registry / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated the superiority of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as opposed to bare-metal stents, in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to test the hypothesis that clinical benefits of SES treatment were independent of gender in this setting.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2042 patients with STEMI undergoing SES-based primary PCI were prospectively enrolled into Shanghai Acute Coronary Event (SACE) registry (1574 men and 468 women). Baseline demographics, angiographic and PCI features, and in-hospital and 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were analyzed as a function of gender.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with men, women were older and more frequently had hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor (GPI, 65.5% vs. 62.2%, P = 0.10) and procedural success rate (95.0% vs. 94.2%, P = 0.52) were similar in both genders. In-hospital death and MACE occurred in 3.8% and 7.6%, and 4.5% and 8.1% in the male and female patients, respectively (all P > 0.05). At 30-day follow-up, survival (94.3% vs. 93.8%, P = 0.66) and MACE-free survival (90.2% vs. 89.3%, P = 0.52) did not significantly differ between men and women. After adjustment for differences in patient demographics, angiographic and procedural features, there were no significant difference in either in-hospital (OR = 0.77, 95%CI of 0.48 to 1.22, P = 0.30) or 30-day mortality (OR = 1.28, 95%CI of 0.73 to 2.23, P = 0.38) between women and men.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Despite more advanced age and clustering of risk factors in women, female patients with STEMI treated by SES-based primary PCI had similar in-hospital and short-term clinical outcomes as their male counterparts.</p>

Impact of different clinical pathways on outcomes of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: the RAPID-AMI study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Current guidelines support primary percutaneous coronary intervention (primary PCI) as the first treatment of choice (as opposed to thrombolytic therapy) for patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) especially when delivered within 12 hours of symptom onset. We aimed to evaluate the impact of different clinical pathways on reduction of reperfusion delay and subsequent improvement in outcomes in patients with STEMI.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From November 2005 to November 2007, 546 consecutive patients with definite STEMI, who upon arrival at the emergency room were triaged to undergo primary PCI, were included. Of them, 271 patients were brought directly to catheterization laboratory (rapid group), and 275 patients were admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) or cardiac ward first, and then transferred to the catheterization laboratory (non-rapid group). Primary endpoint was door-to-balloon (D2B) time, and secondary endpoints included infarct size assessed by peak CK-MB level and rates of major cardiac adverse events (MACE) including death, reinfarction, or target-vessel revascularization during hospitalization and at 30-day clinical follow-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline clinical characteristics, angiographic features and procedural success rates were comparable between the two groups, except that more patients received glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors before angiography (84.0% and 77.1, P = 0.042) and had TIMI 3 flow in the culprit vessel at initial angiogram (17.1% and 9.2%, P = 0.007) in the non-rapid group. The D2B time was shortened ((108 +/- 44) minutes and (138 +/- 31) minutes, P < 0.0001), and number of patients with D2B time < 90 minutes was greater (22.6% and 10.9%, P < 0.0001) in the rapid group. The advantages associated with rapid intra-hospital transfer were enhanced if the patients presented to the hospital at regular hours. Peak CK-MB level was significantly reduced in the rapid group. In-hospital mortality (4.1% and 5.8%) and cumulative MACE rate (7.0% and 9.8%) did not significantly differ between rapid and non-rapid groups. At 30 days, cumulative death- and MACE-free survival rates were improved in the rapid group (94.5% and 89.5%, P = 0.035; 90.1% and 84.0%, P = 0.034, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Clinical pathway with bypass of CCU/cardiac ward admission was associated with rapid reperfusion, smaller infarct size, and improved short-term survival for patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. In the future, it is essential to reduce the time delay for patients presenting at off-hours.</p>